University of illinois soil temperature

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INFRASTRUCTURE / OPERATION / ADMINISTRATION / SYSTEM ARCHITECT. Over a decade of Years of IT Experience and Track Record of Success in Delivering Technical projects and Solutions . u System Architect with proven ability for setting strategic leadership and direction for information technology investments . u Gained extensive experience in Web application system architecture, administration and development using J2EE, WebLogic, Java, Apache, Tomcat, EJB, Servlet, XML, JSP, Portal, Integration, Aqualogic products in UNIX and windows platform. u Specialized in WebLogic server, WebLogic portals, integration, Oracle, Apache, Tomcat, JBoss and Service-oriented architecture. u Gained extensive experience in Architecting, Performance Tuning and identifying hardware and software needs and sizing.. u Excellent experience in coordinating application development and pro0064uction support with offshore team. u Guide the establishment of IT standards and of illinois soil temperature, policies on behalf of the enterprise. Creative thinker with high energy and enthusiasm. u Good WebLogic, Apache, Tomcat and JBoss performance tuning, setup strategy for failover, high availability and of leeds graduation 2014, performance. u Frameworks, Technologies and Compliance –ITIL, TOGAF, Zachman, DODAF , Virtualization, CMMI, SOX and PCI. u S peaker of Apache, WebLogic, Java conferences and several technology user group meetings. O Infrastructure Architecture. O IT Strategy and Execution. O Cloud Computing Virtualization. O WebLogic Administration. O J2EE WebLogic Architect. O Apache, Tomcat, JBoss, WebLogic tuning. University Of Illinois Soil Temperature? O Outsourcing and Offshore. O SOA Implementation. Gaithersburg Md Hotels? O Production Support/Enhancement. O Standards and Guidelines. O Application Architecture. O Training Program management. O Vendor Contract Negotiations. O Process improvements. O Ecommerce Strategy and Delivery. O J2EE, Java, JSP, Servlet, EJB, PHP. O JavaScript, JMS, MDB, JNDI. O JDBC, XML, LDAP, RMI, AJAX, Perl, O WebLogic, Tomcat, Apache, Perl. O Aqualogic Portal, Integration. O Solr, Oracle Application Server. O Cold Fusion, IIS,ATOMICS, iPlanet. O MQSeries, Visio, Documentum. O JVM, SCRUM, SaaS, SSL. HTTP. O Web Services, Struts, LAMP, REST. O UML, Business Objects, Akamai. O CMS,CDN, Limelight, ITIL, CMMI, UML. O Mainframe – CICS, Load runner. O Mercury BMC,PVCS, JMeter, O Failover and Scalability strategies.

O Caching, NetScaler, Foundry L4 VIP. University Of Illinois? O GSLB, Linux, Centos, Solaris. O Sybase, Oracle, MySQL, SQL Server, DB2. O Jira, Remedy, Shell Scripts. O REST, SOA,SOAP, Security. O Performance tuning, Open Source. Joan Fallon University? 04/2004- Present America Online, Inc. (System Architect) Primary responsibilities are to set strategic leadership and direction for information technology investments, create and university, implement standards and guidelines for operations. Responsible for creating system architecture, review application architecture, determining hardware software configuration required to adequately meet application needs and help application team web operations to google maps university, resolve technical issues. Reduced the of illinois value of BEA licenses installed in AOL and Time Warner network from 54 Million to 12 Million by migrating web applications to open source with the help of multiple operations groups. Served the multiple operations groups that manage J2EE applications by common set university of connecticut, providing enterprise-wide technology policy, standards, guidelines, information, and solutions to architect, deploy and manage applications with cost effectiveness. Setup goals for of illinois temperature hardware reduction and achieved 40 % of hardware reduction by consolidating environments. Worked with different ops groups to implement the comprehensive application monitoring strategy and Patch management.

Evaluated multiple open source containers and worked with web architects to finalize the common data set university open source standards. Facilitated and contributed Web Java cross organization teams to review, standardize and document operational best practices for university of illinois implementing, managing and syracuse law clinic contact, monitoring applications deployed in soil a J2EE environment. Conducted advance training sessions in google maps AOL for Apache, Tomcat, JVM, BEA products and software standards. Worked in Architect’s role to design the new SOA Platform and created web service security strategy for AOL. Temperature? Helped multiple web operations team to resolve major production issues, performance tuning, failover problems and scalability issues.

Identified the columbia union gaithersburg changes in Applications/Operation Architectures, code and web/app/database configurations to meet SLA requirements. Facilitated communication between staff, management, vendors, and other technology resources within the organization. Evaluated and university of illinois soil, rolled out new versions of multiple software such as Apache, WebLogic, MySQL and Tomcat . Part of joan university of notre, ITIL, Six Sigma and governance implementation team. University Of Illinois Temperature? 12/2003- 04/2004 Saras Inc - President (BEA Systems, Inc. - Sr. Business consultant) The engagement details with some of the clients are listed below. Joan Fallon Of Notre Dame? Verid, Inc : Engaged to of illinois soil, assist the international rankings customer with their WebLogic implementation, cluster configuration. T-Mobile : Resolved production issues and increased application availability. Reviewed the architecture and WebLogic configuration. University Soil? SWIFT : Conducted code security review.

Upgraded WebLogic application and university graduation, created deployment strategy. University Of Illinois? MCI : Changed customer application to fallon university, a new software platform. Best practices and university soil temperature, code review. Responsible for overall project, enhancements, architecture direction /changes and production support. Oversee 365 x 24 x 7 on call that proactively monitors and resolves production system issues with a team of onsite and offshore resources.

Saved 1.1 MM year to year resource cost by effectively managing the northeastern university international outsourcing-offshoring model of operations support Reduced the response time of web application by 30% by tuning the of illinois temperature WebLogic application server, database and application code. Of Leeds Graduation 2014? Achieved CMM level 4 for SFT project. 02/2000 to 09/2000 Skillbay.Com (Technology Specialist) 10/1999 to 02/2000 Daimler Chrysler Indirect Productive Materials-IPM (Senior Application Developer) 05/1999 to 10/1999 Syntranet.Syntelinc.com (Sr. System Administrator/ Sr. Programmer Analyst) 12/1997 to 04/1999 AAGIS Production Support and Maintenance (Offshore Project Leader) 12/1996 to 03/1997 Electronics Research Development Center (ES 9000 and COBOL Programming) 09/1993 to 03/1996 Tulip India LTD, HCL LTD (Test Research Center Engineer) 2010 MS in Technology Management: George Mason University (Will graduate in May 2010) 1993 Bachelor of engineering (B.E) in Electronics Communication. Of Illinois? 2009 ITIL: Operational Support and maps state university, Analysis V3 certified. 2008 ITIL Foundation IT Service Management V3 certified.

2009 Created and managed Web and Java Xrog organizations in AOL. 2008 Speaker at Apache and WebLogic conferences. 2008 Conducted advance training in Apache, Tomcat, JVM and BEA products. 2004 SOA Integration in-charge - AOL. 2002 BEA Certified Specialist.

2000 Oracle 8i Architecture and Administration Certified Professional. 2000 Sun Certified J2EE Technology Architect (SCEA)

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Reflection on Mentorship Practice. . Soil Temperature? A critical reflective account on mentoring and college gaithersburg, assessing a stu dent in clinical practice The aim of this assignment is to critically reflect on the experience of soil, mentoring and assessing a student in clinical practice. For the purpose of this reflection the Gibbs reflective cycle (1988) will be used. The discussion of the role of the university graduation 2014, mentor and the effect it can have on the mentor/student relationship will be explored. In turn evaluating the learning environment and moving onto learning and teaching strategies used, reflecting on how they were applied to help the student. Lastly the of illinois soil temperature, evaluation of overall performance as a mentor. For the purpose of this work the university of leeds graduation, student will be referred to as ‘A’ to maintain confidentiality and no other names of people or places will be documented . In order to create an environment conducive to learning, the learner must be assisted by the mentor to identify their learning needs (NMC 2006). On the soil temperature, ‘A’ ’s first day, after his orientation, we were able to draw up learning opportunities so that there was an awareness of university law clinic, what ‘A’ hoped to gain from the community experience. The qualities of the mentor are an important element of the learning environment.

This includes professional and personal qualities such as professionalism, a friendly nature, understanding and patience (Beskine 2009). Added to this the learner must be made to feel welcome through staff attitudes, this will help the university of illinois soil temperature, learner to become integrated into the. Words: 2048 - Pages: 9. Reflection on Mentorship Practice. . you to demonstrate your competency as a mentor for nurses and midwives. Your practice as a mentor will be assessed by your supervisor using this mentor portfolio document. International Affairs? The eligibility for a supervising mentor is given on page 6. University Of Illinois Soil? In order to gain the mentorship qualification you have the responsibility of recording your progress in this portfolio to demonstrate your development as a mentor in the eight key domains outlined in the NMC (2008)1 Standards to of connecticut Support Learning and Assessment in university of illinois Practice. To qualify as a mentor with the NMC you must show evidence of practice within each of following domains.

These are: 1. Establishing effective working relationships 2. Facilitation of learning 3. Google Maps San Francisco University? Assessment and soil temperature, accountability 4. Syracuse University Law Clinic Contact? Evaluation of learning 5. Creating an environment for learning 6. University Of Illinois Soil Temperature? Context of practice 7. Evidence-based practice 8. Leadership These domains are broken down into sub-sections to aid achievement. University Law Clinic? You have the responsibility of demonstrating achievement of these domains through participation in mentorship activities with your learner (page 7 describes who can be your leaner) and in discussions with your supervisor. You are responsible for documenting these activities as evidence for each domain before the final meeting with your supervisor to demonstrate your achievement within this role. Based on the evidence you have collated, written and discussed with your supervisor, the supervisor should comment on your ability to. Words: 3368 - Pages: 14. . feature greatly in my day to day working life. The student may arrive at their practice placement with their own “agenda” for learning. University Soil? The mentor needs to ensure that what the student wishes to learn is appropriate and northeastern affairs rankings, realistic. Through mentorship, reflective learning, learning contracts and support, nurses are placed at the centre of their learning. This allows them to take responsibility for their learning and enhances their ability to develop skills in of illinois soil lifelong learning (Peters, 2001). Ideally the mentor should act as a positive role model, indeed Clarke et al (2003) discusses how the joan fallon of notre dame, professional nurse encountered in the clinical setting has a major influence on university of illinois soil, the quality of the learning environment.

Cahill (1996) asserts that the of leeds graduation 2014, relationship between the staff and the nursing student is the temperature, single most crucial factor in creating a positive learning environment. Maps San Francisco State University? Twentyman Eaton (2006) consider different strategies that may enable nurses to of illinois become positive role models; being conscious of their own body language, smiling, introducing themselves to the student, being aware of any shortfalls in their own knowledge and showing enthusiasm towards the nursing profession to name a few. In my critical incident it is clear that I had no positive role model to follow. I currently work as a band 5 care practitioner in a busy community setting. I have mentored students and new members of common set university of connecticut, staff in the past, however I have not taken responsibility for ensuring students. Words: 1173 - Pages: 5. . HOW DO MENTORS MANAGE THE FIRST DAY FOR A NEW LEARNER IN THE CLINICAL SETTING? This is a reflective account of of illinois temperature, how mentors manage the first day for a new learner in the clinical setting. Joan University? The discussion will focus on an induction, orientation, curriculum coaching, setting goals, learning outcomes and providing support to facilitate transition from one learning environment to another.

Furthermore, an example of a personal experience will be used in the discussion. The term mentor is used to denote the role of the of illinois, nurse or midwife who facilitates learning and assesses students in the practice setting (DOH 2001,). Therefore the quality of mentors will have a major impact on san francisco state, the quality of future practitioners (Hand, 2006). Many authors have written extensively on university of illinois soil temperature, the core skills needed for university contact, a mentor. Morton-Cooper Palmer (2000) and of illinois soil, Leibowtits Schlossberg (1980) have looked at attributes of an effective mentor to enable, support and cultivating student with their learning and giving them confidence and skills they need to function as competent midwife. In contrast to this Darling (1985) has identified mentor who are not conducive to students learning and has labeled as “Toxic Mentor” who have disabling trait which is not productive or and supporting the students needs.

Learners are allocated to mentors prior to a placement, by this way, there will continuity, good relationship and support from the allocated mentor (Stuart 2007). Also, good mentoring depends. Words: 809 - Pages: 4. . contribute greatly to feedback given to the student, communicating with different health professionals on of leeds, the students progress, can rule out bias opinions and discuss different approaches to the students learning process. (Boud et al, 1985) proposed a model of reflection based on their experiences, attending to their feelings, and soil temperature, re valuation of the experience leading to new learning.Reflection is also one of the many original teaching approaches and models for nursing education. Ireland (2008) believes that helping students use reflection helps to create an environment where students are free to common set university of connecticut make decisions and university soil temperature, can seek solutions to complex problems. Joan Fallon University Of Notre Dame? She suggests the use of reflection as it offers strategies to help students pose searchable and answerable, clinical questions. Gibbs (1988) model of reflection was also used throughout my teaching and feedback sessions with my student as the university soil temperature, six phases of the model are essential to the reflection process. Analysing on the above, working with a multidisciplinary team provides great personal benefits for the student as they get to explore several areas of the team, experience different outlooks and opinions within the columbia gaithersburg, professionals area of expertise, therefore expanding the students knowledge base and increasing their opportunities, as part of the SWOT analysis. Soil? The mentorship role is a big responsibility, clinically and professionally. Data Set University? The mentor. Words: 2105 - Pages: 9. . Nurse Education in Practice (2008) 8, 103–111 Nurse Education in Practice www.elsevierhealth.com/journals/nepr Belongingness: A prerequisite for nursing students’ clinical learning Tracy Levett-Jones a a,* , Judith Lathlean b,1 School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia School of Nursing and of illinois soil temperature, Midwifery, The University of Southampton, Nightingale Building (67), University Road, High?eld, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom b Accepted 4 April 2007 KEYWORDS Belongingness; Nursing student; Learning; Clinical placement Introduction Summary The concept of belongingness has intuitive appeal. Human beings are social creatures; the need to belong and be accepted is fundamental, and social exclusion can be devastating.

This paper reports on syracuse contact, the selected ?ndings from the qualitative phase of mixed-methods study that explored nursing students’ experience of belongingness while on of illinois, clinical placements. The 18 interview participants in this study were from Australia and the United Kingdom. They provided a range of of connecticut, perspectives on belongingness and how it in?uenced their placement experience. Central to this discussion was their strong belief that belonging is a prerequisite for clinical learning. Soil Temperature? This theme dominated all of the interviews. Given that the primary purpose of google maps, clinical placements is for students to learn to nurse, there needs to be a clear understanding of the relationship between. Words: 6665 - Pages: 27. . your practice in detail and often highlights areas which are often not obvious. r Strengths are your positive attributes and resources which enhance your ability to mentor a student. r Weaknesses are aspects you feel you need to improve upon or skills you lack, aspects which you feel detract from of illinois soil, your ability to syracuse university law clinic be a good mentor. r Opportunities are the university soil, resources and opportunities you have a round you which you might be able to access and of leeds 2014, which support you in the role. r Threats are the soil temperature, pressures and practicalities and other aspects of your role and responsibilities which might get in the way and hamper your ability to be a good mentor. r Use the SWOT analysis to list your own personal qualities and strengths and examine the google maps state university, weaknesses and threats to your role as a mentor. Below is an amalgamation of several SWOT analyses from nurses on a mentorship course giving an university idea of some of the positives and concerns they had. Syracuse Contact? STRENGTHS Communication skills Work well in a team Sound knowledge base Experienced Timekeeping Organised Willingness to teach Professional Motivated Non-judgemental Sense of Humour Fair Love my job Accessible Supportive WEAKNESSES Lack of university of illinois temperature, experience as a mentor Find it hard to delegate, ‘need to common data of connecticut be in control’ Unsure about teaching skills Don’t know much about curriculum Little leadership experience Not sure about the paper work Lack of con?dence about assessment Nervous about giving criticism Find it hard to of illinois soil temperature fail someone Poor time. Words: 10417 - Pages: 42.

. briefly explain the other roles a nurse will naturally encounter in his/her career. It will be expected at some point for the nurse to act as a preceptor to new colleagues and aid clinical supervision within the workplace. 2014? Although there are differences in the definitions of all three titles, mentorship, preceptorship and clinical supervision there are, as Nicklin and Kenworthy (2000) point out, several similarities. Soil? The focus on gaithersburg md hotels, practice related issues, professional/formal relationships, process of reflection and examination. A supervisor who is described as skilled/experienced, aims to provide the best quality patient care and develop the supervisee are all skills that the of illinois soil temperature, mentor is encouraged and educated to adopt. If the mentor possesses such skills and gains experience then who better to adopt the roles of preceptor and clinical supervisor?

The writer does however feel that these roles pose at times personal and professional role conflict. Joan University? Once qualified the university soil temperature, nurse prioritises first and foremost the patient. A natural progression then leads the nurse to undertake further education and become a mentor. The nurse now has two jobs, that of nurse and that of google maps university, teacher. The writer has found this level of responsibility and extension to role very demanding. The NMC Code of Professional Conduct (2004) impresses commitment to the patient at all times rather than duty to the student, …”Act to identify and minimise risk to patients and clients” However as a mentor we have also. Words: 4754 - Pages: 20.

. MENTORING IN PRACTICE MODULE CODE: MOD001840 SID NO : 0711950 WORDS : 2,000 SUBMISSION DATE: 10TH OF MAY 2013 The purpose of this essay is to provide a reflective account of mentoring a pre-registration nursing student in practice. A reflective model (Gibbs 1988, appendix 1) I will analyse the experience between myself as a mentor and the student under the supervision of a qualified mentor. The learning styles, The name of individuals involved shall not be mentioned in order to protect confidentiality in accordance to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2008) Emphasis will be put on how an environment may be created to university soil foster a long life learning and teaching and the learning strategies that were utilised, coupled with principles of assessment and the assessment tools that were used. The role of a mentor in facilitating learning will also be appraised. What is reflection? According to, Taylor (2000), “reflection means the law clinic contact, throwing back of university temperature, thoughts and memories in cognitive act such as thinking, contemplation, meditation and any other form of attentive consideration in order to make sense of university, them, and to make contextually appropriate changes if they are required”. Of Illinois Temperature? The purpose of reflection as stated by John (1999) is to promote desirable practice through the practitioner's understanding and learning about their lived experiences.

John (1999) mentorship reflection. This mentorship encourages practitioners to work through a series. Words: 2462 - Pages: 10. . Syracuse Contact? A REFLECTIVE CLINICAL PRACTICE EXPERIENCE Introduction My reflective clinical practice experience was based on my eight weeks placement in an acute mental health ward in a hospital. I was not sure of what to expect because I have never worked or placed in an acute ward and this was my second placement. Before starting my placement, I visited the ward and university of illinois soil, was inducted around the of connecticut, ward. This gave me a bit of confidence and reassurance about working in an acute ward. Reflection is a process of learning from ones experience (Spalding, 1998). The objective of my experience is to show the positive effect of using therapeutic communication skills with patients. Therapeutic communication can be described as a face to university of illinois soil temperature face technique of forming a rapport between a nurse and a patient that focuses on advancing the psychological, physical, social and emotional well-being of the patient.

It usually involves providing health education and the use of strategies that give confidence to a patient to communicate feelings and ideas and that conveys acceptance and respect. Johns (1992) and Carper (1978) model of reflection will be used in google san francisco university writing my reflective experience. The model provides me the opportunity to university of illinois express my feelings in a clear, fair and straightforward way. In the first week of my placement, I was assigned a mentor. With support provided from my mentor, we identified my learning outcomes. One of northeastern university rankings, my learning outcomes is to provide support to three identified patients under.

Words: 1584 - Pages: 7. . Of Illinois Temperature? my teaching methods according to the students preferred learning style and level of ability. Honey Mumford (1986 cited in Bayley et al. 2006, p120-121) identified four main learning styles. Firstly the Activist this person will prefer to google san francisco state university learn form the experience itself. Secondly the Reflector, they prefer to learn by reflection. Thirdly the Theorist will explore and learn using theory and logic, and finally the Pragmatist they like to plan and experiment with new ideas. From discussion the student stated that she preferred to learn by university of illinois soil practice, which suggests that her preferred learning style was that of the activist and it was therefore essential that I tailored my teaching methods accordingly. This meant that I had to plan a session that involved the university of leeds, student as much as possible as involvement has been shown to give the learner a greater level of enthusiasm for the task (Deck, 2002, p218).

I had established that the student had more traits of that of an activist subsequently I was aware that more emphasis should therefore be placed on the practical skill in university of illinois order to joan fallon dame hold her concentration. I felt confident and competent enough to demonstrate this task efficiently, however I did utilize a lesson plan, as suggested by Reece and of illinois temperature, Walker (2003, p59) to guide my session. University? Prior to constructing my lesson plan however, I looked at the main components of effective learning, as they suggest that the type of plan for a learning session depends upon the specific domain into. Words: 4113 - Pages: 17. . non touch technique and physically applying bandages was also identified as a learning need. Prior to going to university of illinois soil temperature our patient “Mrs B's” home we discussed the procedure we were to be carrying out and the rationale behind it. We set aside a time slot of 45 minutes to of connecticut complete this activity.

We identified that Student S would be unable to completely renew the compression system Mrs B had as this requires extra training. This would be completed by myself. Rationale and theories/concepts related to mentorship We had arranged for student S to attend the leg ulcer clinic and spend time with the university of illinois soil, tissue viability nurse as part of syracuse university law clinic, her outreach activities during her placement. This was to give her an soil idea of joan fallon university of notre dame, a possible patient pathway who has leg ulcers and to gain more knowledge and experience in their management. It's suggested by Pollard (2004) that ideally students would follow one patient through the sequence of events, but it is recognised that the reality, as in university temperature the case of Mrs B. makes this almost impossible. As a mentor my role as defined by RCN guidelines (2007) is to support Student S through “application of theory, assessing,evaluating and giving constructive feedback and facilitating reflection on google maps, practice, performance and experiences”. By undertaking this activity we were meeting some of the key purposes for students being on clinical placement. Casey (2011) describes how Lloyd Jones et al (2001) suggests this to be the acquisition of skills and knowledge as well as. Words: 1348 - Pages: 6. . a date of assessment) for of illinois soil temperature, each competency. To assist student mentors in joan university of notre dame demonstrating that they have reached the university, required standard in practice they need to provide a minimum of three pieces of university, detailed evidence in the appropriate sections of university temperature, their portfolio.

Examples of the types of common set university of connecticut, evidence that may be gathered and university of illinois soil, used to demonstrate achievement have been included under each individual competency. This is columbia union gaithersburg not an exhaustive list and other types of evidence may be added if necessary. University Of Illinois? Supervisors are required to fallon university indicate the assessment decision by verifying portfolio evidence for each competency and by deleting the relevant PASS / FAIL. They must also complete the three sections of the personal interview schedule. Health Professional Requirements Mentors for university of illinois, students undertaking a health programme leading to professional registration are required to undertake formal mentorship training. International Affairs Rankings? This assessment document provides the student mentor with a framework for evidence of achievement of the relevant areas of competence in relation to the practice of mentorship. The NMC standards for mentorship are utilised for the overarching framework; however these skills are transferable to other health professional groups. Guidance for Supervisors on Making an Assessment Decision When making your decision, evaluate your student mentor’s performance during the module and the feedback / evidence from students(s) / your colleagues. Refer to the information your student mentor has provided. Words: 4731 - Pages: 19.

. homeostasis and to university of illinois prevent secondary injury (Ammons 1990). Secondary brain injury is the progression of the initial injury resulting from cellular and toxic changes at the neural level, contributing to further neurological damage (Hilton 2001). Cerebral hypoxia. hypotension or decrease brain perfusion are recognized causes of secondary injury. Management of patients with head injury requires complex care, unfortunately many actions can lead to increased ICP and these include turning, suctioning and affairs, timing of daily care nursing activity (Le Joune et al,2002). Airway The initial priority was to secure airway. Of Illinois Soil? Aldi was intubated on SIMV PC/PS 12 PEEP of 5,Fio2 50% with tidal volume of 470 litters. As part of my initial assessment I observe for bilateral chest movement and listen for the normal and fallon university dame, equal air entry. On auscultation coarse crackles was heard bilaterally on his upper lobe so in an attempt to clear the sections and maintain the patency of university of illinois temperature, airway I performed an end tracheal suctioning (ETS). It is a practice on the unit where I work, that if the patient is slightly hypoxic (Aldis’s Po2 was 9mmhg) we can pre oxygenate to 100% for university, 1 minute before suctioning. Aldi’s ICP was 24 mmhg and went up to 37 mmhg during the procedure.

Secretions can lead to inadequate blood supply (hypoxia) and excess level of carbon dioxide in the blood (hypercapnia) which will increase ICP, but end tracheal suctioning can also lead to sharp rise in ICP (Mc Leod,2006). Pre oxygenation.

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This information should be placed inside the angle brackets. For example, to display a paragraph using full justification use ltP ALIGN=justifygt. HTML documents have a minimum requirement of tags. These tags are required by HTML browsers in order to recognize a file as a HTML file. The following is a summary of the university of illinois soil temperature, required HTML tags: The required HTML tags must be placed in the appropriate order inside and HTML file. The following HTML is a simple example of the minimum HTML document. Using indentation can greatly improve the looks of your HTML, make it easier to read, and make it much easier to maintain. Columbia College Gaithersburg. Although indentation is not required, you should always use it to improve your HTML. Of Illinois Temperature. The benefits greatly outweigh the extra time it takes to write your HTML. Google Maps State University. HTML browsers ignore extra white-space therefore the indentation will not be visible when the document is viewed using a HTML browser.

Here is the previous example written using indentation to make it easier to university of illinois temperature, read. ADD ADDITIONAL HTML FORMATTING TAGS AS NECESSARY. The use of additional HTML tags will greatly enhance the appearance of your resume. HTML contains numerous tags to use, in columbia college gaithersburg addition many new tags will be added in the future. I could not possibly cover every tag here. However, I will briefly describe some of the commonly used and most useful tags. For advanced options, or a more detailed list you should obtain a copy of the of illinois temperature, latest HTML reference manual.

This manual can be found on the world wide web at http://www.sandia.gov/sci_compute/html_ref.html. The following table contains many of the most common and most useful HTML tags. You can use any of these tags by simply placing the of connecticut, begin tag, the text to format, and the end tag directly in your HTML document. You will find it useful to university of illinois soil, view your document as you make changes. See step 9 for instructions on how to view your current HTML document. By doing this, you will become familiar with the effects of the tags.

In order to ensure no word processor formatting options are saved into your file you should save your resume as a text file. However, when you choose your filename you should give it the .html or .htm extension. To do this choose save as from the file menu. Northeastern International Rankings. Next you should choose the text or ASCII text format from the temperature, available format list. Of Leeds. Finally, type your filename in the filename input box as filename.html or filename.htm where filename is the university of illinois soil temperature, name you wish to call your file (e.g. resume.html). CREATE AND/OR ACQUIRE ANY IMAGES YOU WANT TO USE IN YOUR RESUME.

While creating images can be very fun and exciting, it is also very time consuming. College. There are many tools available to help you create your custom images such as Paint Shop Pro, Photoshop, Corel Draw, and MsPaint. For information on how to temperature, use these tools you should consult your user's manual. An alternative to joan university of notre, creating custom images is to find a non-copyrighted image on the world wide web and of illinois soil temperature copy it. One method of locating useful and free images is to of leeds, view clipart collections available on the web such as Caboodles of Clipart. Another method of locating useful images is to use the university of illinois soil temperature, Yahoo search engine and search for the image. To do this simply type image:keyword in the Yahoo's search box and click on the search button. This type of searching is very time consuming and often does not result in any useful images. If you are unable to create or locate the international, image you desire and feel that your resume would be incomplete without it, you should consider hiring a Graphics Artist to create the image for you. Although images can improve the appearance of your resume, you should use them sparingly. Often the quality of university of illinois temperature, your resume decreases proportionally with an increase in the number of images you add.

Any graphics you use (except for a background) should be relatively small in joan fallon of notre dame size. University Temperature. Most web developers agree that large images take longer to load and will in turn drive impatient viewers away from your page. In addition, you should keep the content of your images on a professional level unless the university of leeds 2014, image directly relates to your job qualification. University Of Illinois. For example it is acceptable to have cartoons you've created on your resume if you're applying as a cartoonist. However, you should consider placing any such images on a second page and creating a link to it. ADD HTML IMAGE TAGS AS NECESSARY FOR EACH OF THE IMAGES YOU PLAN TO USE IN YOUR RESUME, AND SAVE YOUR RESUME (SEE STEP 6). To insert an image into your HTML resume open your resume in your editor, then use the ltIMG SRCgt tag to specify the location and syracuse contact filename of your image. For example, to display an image called computer.gif that is university of illinois 32x45 in size, use the of notre dame, following tag: ltIMG SRC=directory/computer.gif ALT=Computer WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=45 BORDER=0gt. All images should be in of illinois soil temperature the .GIF or .JPG file format. If you see a gray box with three small dots in data set university of connecticut it rather than your image, then the browser was unable to load your image. Possible causes of this problem are: you used an incompatible file format, the university temperature, image does not exist, you did not specify the correct filename or had a typographical error in the directory/filename, or the file permissions were set incorrectly (UNIX workstations require that you set the file permissions of an image to 770.

See your system administrator or consult a UNIX reference manual for help with setting file permissions). Be sure to save your resume after you make any changes. OPEN YOUR HTML RESUME IN A HTML BROWSER. Open your HTML browser by clicking on syracuse contact its Windows Icon, or by typing its execution command at the command prompt. There are many browsers available for use such as Netscape, Microsoft Explorer, and ICOMM. Of Illinois Soil Temperature. Consult your user's manual for help with using your HTML browser. Open your resume by syracuse law clinic contact, clicking on university soil temperature the Open File option on the File menu.

Next, type the filename you choose earlier in the filename input box or using the browse feature to locate the file, then click on the ok button. Common. Your resume should be displayed in university of illinois temperature the browser window. Viewing your resume in an HTML browser is an excellent way to ensure the of leeds graduation, content of your resume. REPEAT STEPS 5 THROUGH 9 UNTIL YOU ARE SATISFIED WITH THE APPEARANCE OF YOUR RESUME. After reviewing your resume in an HTML browser, you should revisit steps 5 through 9 above and university soil make any necessary changes. Once you are familiar with the process of creating a HTML document, most of these steps can be performed as necessary in any order. You should get your resume to a point that you are satisfied with before preceding. In order to union gaithersburg md hotels, ensure that you have not made any mistakes in the uniform resource locator (URL) addresses, you should click on each of the links you've created using your HTML browser.

Links that do not work are nicknamed broken links. Broken links are highly unprofessional and soil temperature will affect the impression a potential employer has on your resume. Broken links are usually the result of a typographical error or a link to a web site that no longer exists. Because the web is maps san francisco constantly changing, you should only create hypertext links to of illinois soil, sites that are relatively stable. In order for university of leeds 2014, your resume to be visible to the rest of the of illinois soil, world, you must have current internet provider. Many universities provide the resources for students to joan fallon university, install their resumes. Contact your University Webmaster to obtain information. You can often locate the Webmaster through an email address on of illinois soil the universities main web page. Columbia Md Hotels. After you have completed your HTML resume, copy it and all of the images you have used to the directory your web provider specifies.

After installing your HTML resume you should always test it. University Of Illinois. Visit the URL your web provider supplies to insure it was installed properly. You should always respond to potential employers that contact you as soon as possible. In addition you should always mail a paper copy of your resume to any potential employers. By showing sincere interest, you will increase an employer's impression. The Source For Java Development. Java Report . March/April 1996. Java Report is a relatively new magazine for software developers using the Java environment. Java is a relatively new software developing environment that allows software developers to implement more complex features such as Net-based electronic transactions and delivering interactive content across the Web. University. Java Report combines programming tips, new technology, application trends and corporate issues to bring the reader a broader range of information. In one of the articles Philip David Meese does an excellent job of explaining to the reader how to university of illinois, create his/her first Java application.

His article was well written and university international was equivalent in content to a small course. The article The Java Tutor provides clear and of illinois concise information as well as easy to understand example code. I strongly agree with Mr. University Contact. Meese's confidant statement by the time you finish reading this article, you'll be able to university of illinois soil, develop a Java application. An entire section of google maps state university, Java Report is devoted to Product Review. University Of Illinois Soil. In this section the authors review Java related products and provide information to fallon university dame, the reader. This information was the equivalent of a Consumer Reports article. This section is a great source of information about individual products.

In general, Java Report is a great source of information relating to the use and development of university of illinois soil, Java applications for joan of notre, any software developer. However, some of the technical articles may be beyond the scope of the average reader. Rampe, David. Cyberspace Resumes Fit the Modern Job Hunt. The New York Times . 3 February 1997, sec. C6. In his article Cyberspace Resumes Fit the Modern Job Hunt David Rampe discusses the advantages and disadvantages of an HTML resume. The article, which appeared in The New York Times' Taking In the Sites section provides some very useful information regarding resumes.

Some of the topics Mr. University Of Illinois Temperature. Rampe discusses includes the searchability of HTML resumes, electronic filling, industry jargon, and the dehumanization of the university of leeds 2014, process. Mr. University Of Illinois. Rampe also discusses the importance of writing your HTML resume in the proper fashion, to the computer. He states that you must resolve mentally to address your resume to 'Dear Computer. Common Data. ' and just ignore the dehumanization of it all. In addition, the article provides the URLs for of illinois temperature, eleven electronic sources to help the reader get started. Each of the sources listed are excellent sources of information and maps university should be reviewed by anyone who decides to create and HTML resume. Rampe also discusses cookie-cutter forms available on the World Wide Web to help the soil, least experienced computer user create his/her HTML resume.

In general, Mr. Rampe provides an northeastern university international affairs rankings ample amount of information and resources necessary to create an HTML resume. Rampe provides both the pros and university soil temperature the cons of an HTML resume in an unbiased fashion, leaving the reader to columbia union college gaithersburg md hotels, decide the necessity of an HTML resume. Sandia National Laboratories. HTML Reference Manual , 2 January 1996. Sandia National Laboratories' HTML Reference Manual is, in my opinion, the most complete and useful source of HTML information. Although the manual is currently over a year old, the information it contains is accurate, precise and very helpful. The HTML Reference Manual begins with and introduction to HTML in of illinois soil temperature general, then lists important terms and columbia union gaithersburg definitions.

Next the authors validate the document's content by of illinois soil, discussing the conformance guideline RFC 1866, commonly referred to as HTML Version 2. The authors also discuss the importance of Sandia requirements for specific HTML elements. Next the authors discuss the maps university, general breakdown of HTML into: General HTML syntax, HTML Comments, HTML Elements, Uniform Resource Locators (URL), Special Characters, and Internal Icons. Finally, the authors break down over one hundred HTML elements into a description, minimum attributes, all possible attributes, elements allowed within, allowed in content of, and of illinois soil temperature variations. In addition the northeastern international affairs rankings, document contains an easy to use index which allows the reader to university of illinois soil temperature, jump directly to any element of interest. The HTML Reference Manual provides the most complete reference manual available. In addition it is well written, well organized and very easy to use. This document is an excellent source of information for both the novice and expert HTML programmers.

Authors Note: Windows, DOS, Paint Shop Pro, MsPaint, Yahoo, Café, Netscape, ICOMM and northeastern Microsoft Internet Explorer are copyrighted by their respective owners.

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An Editor#39;s Guide to soil temperature Perfecting Your Resume. Adrian Granzella Larssen. You know that you should edit your resume before you send it off in the world, making sure it’s error-free. But to make sure that resume is in union college gaithersburg md hotels the best possible shape? You should really take the editing process a few steps further. Here’s the thing: Editing is university temperature, more than just giving something a once-over to eliminate egregious typos and grammar mistakes. It’s really about looking at something with a critical eye, then making changes to ensure it’s the university law clinic best it can possibly be. And that’s what you want for university, your resume, right? From someone who edits all day, every day for a living, here’s a five-step editing plan that will take your resume from good to full-blown awesome (and—of course—eliminate the typos, too). When I look at university international rankings an article for the first time, I have to resist the university soil urge to fix typos or make style changes (and believe me, as an editor, it’s hard).

But it’s important—the first thing I need to determine is union gaithersburg, whether the university temperature piece is working as a whole. Is this right for northeastern international rankings, our publication? Is the message of the university article the one we want to send? Are there any major gaps or sections that are superfluous? On that first read of syracuse university law clinic, your resume, try to do the same thing. Ignore typos or formatting issues, and think about the overall message your resume is sending : Does this sell you as the perfect candidate for the types of roles you’re seeking? Are there any gaps between the experience on the page and the experience required for the job? If so, are there ways in which you could bridge those gaps ? What makes your experience stand out among other, similar candidates? Does the top third of university of illinois, your resume serve as a hook to get the northeastern university international affairs hiring manager to soil read more?

Is there anything on your resume that doesn’t need to be there? Pro Tip: Look at syracuse university law clinic contact the LinkedIn profiles of people at your level in your field, and see how they tell their stories. Which ones are most compelling or stand out the most? See what you can learn from them and university of illinois soil temperature how you can apply those lessons to google san francisco your own resume. University Soil. Step 2: Scrutinize the Bullets and Details. As editors, we ask constantly ask ourselves if each word is the best one, if a sentence structure is right, if there’s anything that could be said more clearly, effectively, or quickly. And oh, do we add examples!

Why say something if you can show it? It makes for union college md hotels, better writing and a more interesting read. Walk through your resume again. Your job at this point is to look at every section, every sentence, and every word, and determine if there’s a better way to get your point across. For each bullet point, ask: Is this the of illinois temperature strongest possible language you could use? Can anything be said more clearly? Or in fewer words?

Is there any language that someone outside of columbia md hotels, your company or industry wouldn’t understand? Could anything benefit from examples? Can anything be quantified? Can you show a benefit ? Are any words used over and over? Can they be replaced with more creative language? Pro Tip: Have a friend who’s not in your field read your bullet points, and of illinois soil ask what he or she thinks your strongest achievements are.

Do you agree? If not, adjust so the most important ones really stand out. Every so often, I’ll edit what I think is a great, well-written article—and realize suddenly that one of the source’s names is spelled wrong. I’ll take a closer look and see that—wait—a book title is incorrect, research numbers are not quite right, and that other “facts” in the article need a second look. It’s a good idea to do this for your resume, too. Northeastern International Affairs. It can happen even with the right intentions—I, for example, recently realized that my resume said “3 million” on a figure that most certainly should have been 1 million. Soil Temperature. Whoops. University International Affairs Rankings. Read every word on your resume again, this time asking yourself: Are the companies you worked for named the soil same thing?

Still located in the same city? Are your position titles accurate? Are your employment dates correct? Are all of the common numbers and percentages you use to describe increases, quotas, budgets, savings, and achievements (reasonably) accurate? Pro Tip: In the editorial world, we have to make sure every number we print is university of illinois soil, 100% accurate, but you have a bit more leeway with your resume. Joan Fallon Of Notre. As long as you’re reasonably sure that you increased customer satisfaction, fundraising numbers, or sales 25%, don’t worry about having the “official” numbers to university soil prove it.

As I well know, you can work intently on data set university of connecticut, a document for three hours and somehow not notice that you’ve used “their” instead of “there” or mistaken “bran” for university, “brand.” So, proofreading one last time is google maps, a step you can’t skip. I do recommend having someone else look your resume over (even us editorial word nerds hire proofreaders). But before you do, proof word by word, asking yourself: Are there any typos? Wrong word usage? Does each bullet point end with a period (or not)?

Either is fine, just be consistent. Are you using the serial comma (or not) throughout? Pro Tip: When proofreading, it’s helpful to temporarily change the soil temperature font, or to read your resume from the bottom up—your eyes get used to northeastern university rankings reading a page one way, and can often catch new errors when you mix the of illinois soil format up. When I worked for a print magazine, I’d often submit what I thought was a perfect final draft of an article—until I’d get a proof from our designer. More often than not, my masterpiece would need some adjustments to look right on the page: shortening the copy so that it didn’t require a miniature-sized font, or lengthening a paragraph so that one word didn’t hang over on common, a line by itself, for example. Because part of of illinois, great writing is making it look great, too. While you don’t have to of leeds graduation 2014 send your resume off to university of illinois a graphic designer, do keep in mind that presentation is important, and fallon university dame that a few adjustments to your text can make a big difference in how it looks. Give it a final once-over with a designer’s eye, considering: Does the temperature page look visually appealing? Is the page overly cluttered?

Is the font size too small? Is it difficult to read? Is the font size and format for each section consistent? Does the layout make sense? Is your contact information easily findable? Pro Tip: Make your document easier to skim by gaithersburg adding divider lines between sections. University Soil Temperature. Check out section three of joan university dame, this great guide to resume formatting from LifeClever for instructions. Photo of pen and paper courtesy of Shutterstock . University Temperature. Adrian was The Muse’s very first employee (ask her about the early days!) who built the Muse editorial team from the ground up. Now, she serves as Editor-at-Large, launching new content products and of leeds graduation sharing expert career advice with Muse audiences online and off.

When she’s not Musing, you’ll find her planning her next dinner party or international vacation. University Soil Temperature. Say hi on Twitter and Instagram. Fallon University. Hmmm, seems you#39;ve already signed up for this class. While you#39;re here, you may as well check out all the amazing companies that are hiring like crazy right now.

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Essay on Kidneys: Functions, Urine Formation and Hormones. In this article we will discuss about the kidneys:- 1. Introduction to Kidney 2. Functions of Kidney 3. Urine Formation 4. Mechanism of Action of Diuretics 5. Renal Function Tests 6. Congenital Tubular Function Defects 7. Uremia 8. The Artificial Kidney 9. Hormones. Essay on the Introduction to Kidney Essay on the Functions of Kidney Essay on the Urine Formation in Kidney Essay on the Mechanism of Action of Diuretics Essay on the Renal Function Tests Essay on the Congenital Tubular Function Defects in Kidney Essay on the Uremia –Clinical Kidney Condition Essay on the Artificial Kidney Essay on university of illinois soil temperature the Hormones of the Kidney. Essay # 1. Introduction to Kidney: A large number of waste products are produced in the body as a result of metabolic activities. The main waste products are carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogenous compounds. The retention of these products produces a harmful effect on joan of notre dame the normal health.

Therefore, the removal of these products from the body is a must. Carbon dioxide is removed mainly through lungs and water as well as nitrog­enous compounds are removed through urogenital system. The kidneys are the most important com­ponent of this system. The kidneys are two in number, usually bean shaped, and exist behind the peritoneum on either side of the vertebral column extending from the 12th thoracic to the 3rd lumbar vertebra. Each kid­ney weighs about 120-170 grams and university, is about 11-13 cms. long, the left being larger than the right one. Each kidney is found to consist of two main parts by section. The outer part is university law clinic contact called cortex and the inner one is medulla.

The cortex consists of a large number of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. University Of Illinois Soil. The medulla is composed of renal tubules project­ing into a cavity towards the inner region of the kidney called the pelvis, the region where the renal artery and vein enters and leaves the kidney re­spectively. Nephron –Basic Unit od Kidney: It is syracuse law clinic a functional basic unit of kid­ney. Each kidney is provided with about one mil­lion nephrons containing the glomerulus and the tubule. The glomerulus is a network of afferent and of illinois, efferent capillaries. Each glomerulus is surrounded by a double-walled epithelial sac known as Bow­man ‘s Capsule which leads to the tubule which is divided into three parts—proximal convoluted tu­bule, loop of columbia college gaithersburg, Henle, and the distal convoluted tubule. The Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) is about 45 mm long and 50 mm in diameter. This lies in the cortex along with glomerulus.

Its lumen is continuous with that of the Bowman’s Capsule. It consists of cells with scalloped outline and university temperature, brush border. The brush border is formed by numerous microvilli which increases the surface enormously for absorption. The loop of Henle consists of three parts—the descending limb, a thin segment, and an ascending limb. The proximal convoluted tubule opens into the descending limb which is continued into the thin segment from where the ascending limb arises. The whole loop of Henle is lined by a single layer of flattened epithelial cells. The ascending limb of the loop of Henle con­tinues into university international, the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) which finally opens into a collecting tubule or duct which carries the urine to the renal pelvis from where it is carried to the bladder by the ureter.

The distal convoluted tubule commences near the pole of the glomerulus and establishes a close proxim­ity to temperature, the afferent arteriole of its parent glomerulus. The DCT contains cuboidal epithelium. Nephrons are mainly of two types—cortical and juxtamedullary. The loop of Henle of the juxtamedullary is long and dips deep into the sub­stance of the medulla. University Law Clinic. But the loop of Henle of cortical is short and only a very small part of university of illinois soil, it dips into the medullary tissue and common data set university, the greater part re­mains embedded in the cortical substances. Moreo­ver, the glomeruli of the juxtamedullary lie very close to of illinois temperature, the medulla while those of cortical lie close to the surface of the northeastern university rankings, kidney.

The juxtamedullary nephrons constitute 20 per university cent of nephrons, while the cortical nephrons constitute 80 per cent of the total nephrons. These two types of nephrons have the affairs rankings, same common function. Blood Supply of the Kidneys: The short renal artery arising from the abdominal aorta supplies the university of illinois temperature, blood to the kidney. International Affairs. The renal artery after en­tering the kidney divides into a number of arterioles—the afferent arterioles which further branch into capillaries and enter into each glomeru­lus. The capillaries then join to form another arteri­ole—the efferent arteriole which opens into another set of university of illinois soil, capillaries called peritubular capillaries sur­rounding the proximal tubule, the loop of northeastern university affairs rankings, Henle, and the distal tubule.

Ultimately, the capillary set opens into a venule which joins with other venules to form the soil, renal vein. The renal vein then opens into the inferior vena cava. Blood Flow to Kidney through the common set university, Nephron: The blood flows through both the university soil, kidneys of an adult weigh­ing 70 kg at the rate of about 1200 ml/mt. The portion of the total cardiac output (about 560 ml/ mt.) which passes through the kidneys is called the renal fraction. This is about 560/1200 ml per minute, i.e., about 21 per cent. There are two sets of capillaries—the glomeru­lus and the peritubular. These two capillaries are separated from each other by the efferent arteriole which contributes sufficient resistance to blood flow. The glomerular capillary bed provides a high pressure of about 70 mm Hg, while the peritubular bed provides a low pressure about 13 mm Hg. The pressures in the artery and vein are 100 mm of Hg. and 8 mm of Hg respectively. The high pressure in the glomerulus exerts the university graduation, filtering of fluids con­tinually into the Bowman’s Capsule.

The low pres­sure in university soil, the peritubular capillary system, on the other hand, functions in the same way as the joan fallon of notre, usual ve­nous ends of the tissue capillaries with the fluid being absorbed continually into the capillaries. Essay # 2. Functions of Kidney : a. Kidney eliminates excess of certain nutri­ents such as sugar and amino acids when their concentration increases in the blood. b. University Of Illinois Temperature. It removes certain non-volatile waste prod­ucts such as urea, uric acid, creatinine, and columbia md hotels, sulphates, etc. from the body. c. It eliminates certain foreign or toxic sub­stances such as iodides, pigments, drugs, and bacteria, etc. from the blood. d. It regulates hydrogen ion concentration of the blood by removing excess of non­volatile acids and bases. e. It maintains the osmotic pressure of the blood by regulating the excretion of of illinois temperature, wa­ter and inorganic salts and northeastern university affairs, thus preserves the constant volume of the circulating blood. f. It regulates the arterial blood pressure by causing the university soil, secretion of the hormone renin. g. It maintains the erythrocyte production by excreting the graduation 2014, secretion of the hormone erythropoietin.

Essay # 3. Urine Formation in Kidney : The regulatory activities of kidneys form urine as a by-product. Urine formation involves three main steps—the glomerular filtration, the tubular reabsorption, and the tubular secretion. a. Glomerular Filtration (Ultrafiltration): Glomerulus filters out substances of low molecular weight from the blood with the university, retention of substances of high molecular weight, especially the northeastern university international rankings, proteins. Therefore, proteins are retained in the glomeruli and are not normally found in urine. If protein is detected in the urine, it indicates the kidney damage or other disease which ef­fect the glomerular membrane. In normal adult, two million nephrons filter one li­tre of blood each minute to give about 1200 ml of glomerular filtrate (primary urine) at Bowman’s Capsule. Therefore, the university temperature, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in adult is about 120 ml per syracuse minute.

The hydrostatic pressure of the blood in the glomerular capillaires (P g ) is the main force for driving the fluid (Water and sol­ute) out of the glomerulus. The pressure is opposed by two forces: (i) The hydrostatic pressure of the Bow­man’s Capsule fluid (P BC ). (ii) The osmotic pressure of the plasma proteins (P pp ). Therefore, the effective filtration pressure (P ef ) is calculated by the following rela­tion: Thus, by substituting the normal values of the various forces, it has been found that the calculated effective (net) filtra­tion pressure (P ef ) is 24 mm Hg. A fall in blood pressure may reduce the P ef which results in less amount of urine. When the aortic systolic pressure is re­duced to university of illinois soil, 70 mm Hg, the hydrostatic pres­sure of the blood in glomerular capillaries is reduced to 50 mm. University 2014. Hg. This reduces the P ef to Zero [50 – 50] and thus filtration will be ceased. Under such circumstances, urine will not be formed (anuria) until the blood pressure is maintained. b. Tubular Reabsorption:

The rate of university of illinois, forma­tion of the primary urine is 120 ml/minute, while the rate of urine passing to the blad­der under the same condition is 1-2 ml/ minute. Therefore, it indicates that about 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed during its passage through the different segments of the renal tubule. Al­though, the glomerular filtrate contains nearly the same concentration of google maps university, glucose as in plasma, the urine contains nil or very little glucose. Hence, glucose is also prac­tically completely reabsorbed in the tu­bules when the blood sugar level is university of illinois nor­mal. The capacity of reabsorption depends on the renal threshold of that substance.

The reabsorption of different solids takes place at different sites in the renal tubules. Amino acids, glucose, and small amounts of protein that pass through the glomeru­lus are reabsorbed in the first part of the proximal tubule. Sodium, chloride, and international, bi­carbonate are reabsorbed uniformly along the entire length of the proximal tubule and also in the distal tubule. Potassium is reabsorbed in the proximal and secreted in the distal tubule. The glomerular filtrate produces about 170 litres in a day; whereas the tubules reabsorb about 168.5 litres of water, 170 gm of glucose, 100 gm of university, NaCl, 360 gm of NaHCO 3 , and small amounts of phosphate, sulphate, amino acids, urea, uric acid, etc. and excrete about 60 gm of columbia gaithersburg, NaCl, urea and university of illinois soil temperature, other waste products in about 1.5 li­tres of urine. Most of these solids are reabsorbed by active transport mechanism, while some (e.g., urea) are reabsorbed by passive transport mechanism.

In diseases, the reabsorption mechanism is altered developing glycosuria, phosphaturia, and amino aciduria. c. Tubular Secretion: Although, most of the substances are reabsorbed by the tubular cells, some substances are actively trans­ported or actively excreted into the tubu­lar lumen. Syracuse University Law Clinic. The secreted substance by the tubular epithelium in man are creatinine and university soil, potassium. The tubular epithelium also removes a number of foreign sub­stances that are introduced into the body for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.

These foreign substances are penicillin, p-Aminosalicylic acid, phenosulphonphthalein (PSP), p-Aminohippuric acid, and diodrast. The hydrogen ions and university of leeds graduation 2014, ammo­nia formed in the distal tubular cells are also actively excreted into tubular lumen and thus pass to urine. The function of of illinois soil temperature, kidney is regulated by three important hormones. These hormones are aldoster­one (from adrenal cortex), parathormone (from parathyroid), and vasopressin (from hypophyseal posterior lobe). Aldosterone restricts the excretion of Na + and stimulates the excretion of K + . Parathormone stimulates excretion of phosphate. Vasopressin, the antidiuretic hormone, is held responsible mainly for the reabsorption of water. In the absence of this hormone, a large amount of google maps state university, very dilute urine is excreted. Essay # 4. Mechanism of Action of Diuretics : a. Soil. Diuretics, the drugs, enhance losses of water and google maps san francisco state university, salt via the university of illinois soil temperature, urine through inter­ference with normal reabsorptive mecha­nisms. b. Osmotic diuretics are nonreabsorbable substances which increase tubular osmolarity. The osmotic substances which limit the amount of water.

Osmotic diuresis is responsible for the serious dehydration which accompanies diabetic ketoacidosis. c. Diamox is the data set university of connecticut, inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase. It blocks both HCO 3 ? reabsorption in the proximal tubule and regeneration in the distal tubule. d. Thiazide diuretics, furosemide, ethacrynic acid and university of illinois temperature, mercurials all inhibit chloride rea­bsorption in northeastern international rankings, the ascending limb. Essay # 5. Renal Function Tests : Clearance is measured to assess quantitatively the university of illinois soil temperature, rate of excretion of a given substance by the kid­ney. This is a volume of blood or plasma which contains the amount of the substance which is ex­creted in the urine in one minute.

a. Inulin is a polysaccharide which is filtered at the glomerulus but not secreted or reabsorbed by the tubule. Therefore, it is a measure of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol can also be used for the same purpose. b. These clearances vary with the body size. The clearance is calculated on the basis of ml/1.73 m 2 . c. To measure inulin clearance it is wise to maintain a constant plasma level of the test substance during the fallon of notre dame, period of university of illinois, urine collections. The clearance is measured ac­cording to the following formula: where C in = Clearance of inulin (ml/min)

U = Urinary inulin (mg/100 ml) V = Volume of urine (ml/min) P = Plasma inulin (mg/100 ml) B. Endogenous Creatinine Clearance : a. Creatinine is filtered at the glomerulus but not secreted or reabsorbed by the tubule. Its clearance is measured to syracuse contact, get the GFR. b. This method is convenient for the estima­tion of the GFR because it does not re­quire the intravenous administration of a test substance. c. Normal values for soil, creatinine clearance are in males: 130 ± 20 ml/mt and females: 120 ± 15 ml/mt. C. The Phenolsulphonephthalein (PSP) Test : a. The dye is almost completely eliminated within 2 hours. b. If less than 25 per syracuse university law clinic contact cent of the dye is not excreted in 15 minutes, it is an indication of impairment of renal function. D. Other Functional Tests : a. Dilution test (water excretion test) b. Urine concentration test (specific gravity test) c. Vasopressin (ADH) test. d. Urine acidification test.

e. Blood NPN, urea and creatinine. f. Urea clearance test. (i) After emptying the university of illinois soil temperature, bladder of the northeastern, indi­vidual after overnight fast, he is advised to drink 1200 ml water in 30 minutes. (ii) During four hours after drinking, the urine is collected at hourly intervals. (iii) In normal individuals in cold climates, 1200 ml of urine is excreted in four hours. (iv) This test is not applicable to warm climates since the university soil, greater part of the ingested water is google lost in perspiration during summer. (v) In case of impaired renal function, the amount of water eliminated in four hours will be less than 1200 ml depending on the degree of impairment and specific grav­ity of urine is often 1.010 or higher in con­ditions of university soil, oliguria. b. Urine concentration test (specific gravity test): (i) The bladder is emptied on the day of the test at syracuse university contact, 7 a.m. and the urine is discarded. (ii) The urine is collected at 8 a.m. and the specific gravity is university of illinois temperature measured.

If the sp. gr. is 1.022, the test may be rejected. (iii) If the sp. gr, is below 1.022, another urine specimen should be collected at 9 a.m. and university of leeds, the sp. University Of Illinois Soil. gr. is determined. (iv) In case, the urine does not have a sp. gr. of 1.022, it is sure that the renal concentrat­ing power is impaired either due to of leeds 2014, tubu­lar defects or decreased secretion of ADH (diabetes insipidus). If the urine volume is large and the sp. gr. is below 1.022, the ADH test must be carried out. 3. (i) The individual is not allowed any food or water after 6 p.m. on the night before the test.

Vasopressin (5 units) is soil temperature injected intramuscularly at 7 p.m. in the night. (ii) The urine is collected at 7 a.m. and 8 a.m. and the sp. gr. is determined. Joan Fallon University Of Notre Dame. If the sp. gr. is 1.022, it is quite confident that the of illinois, indi­vidual suffers from diabetes insipidus and ADH injection is effective in controlling it. d. Urine acidification test : (i) This test should not be done on individu­als who have acidosis or poor liver func­tion. (ii) No dietary or other restrictions are in­volved in carrying out this test. The blad­der is emptied at 8 a.m. Thereafter, hourly specimens of urine are collected until 6 p.m. At 10 a.m., ammonium chloride in a dose of 0.1 gram/kg body weight is given.

A portion of each specimen is transferred to stoppered bottles and sent immediately to the laboratory for pH determination. (iii) In normal individuals, all urine specimens collected after 2 hours from the time of administration of ammonium chloride should have a pH between 4.6 and 5.0 but in patients with renal tubular acidosis, the pH does not fall below 5.3. v. Blood non-protein nitrogen : (i) In acute nephritis, the NPN values are in­creased and range from a slight increase (NPN-45 mg, urea N-25 mg, creatinine-2 mg per 100 ml) to very high values (NPN- 200 mg, urea N-160 mg creatinine-25 mg per 100 ml). (ii) NPN increase and retention are due to im­paired renal function and excessive pro­tein catabolism. Essay # 6. Congenital Tubular Function Defects in Kidney : (i) This disease is developed due to the non- production of ADHr.

The individual passes large volume of urine (5-20 litres in 24 hours). The individual has to drink large amount of water to make up the loss. (ii) The reabsorption of water in the distal tu­bules does not take place in the absence of ADH. b. Vitamin D Resistant Rickets : (i) The tubular reabsorption of phosphate does not take place under this condition. (ii) Excessive loss of international rankings, phosphate in urine leads to the development of a type of rickets which does not respond to usual doses of Vitamin D.

In this condition, the tubular reabsorption of glu­cose is affected. Although the blood sugar is within normal level but glucose is excreted in urine due to defective reabsorption by the tubules. d. University Soil Temperature. Idiopathic Hypercalcinuria : Calcium is not reabsorbed by the renal tubules in this condition. Hence, large amounts of calcium are excreted in the urine. Renal calculi may be de­veloped owing to law clinic, the presence of large amounts of university of illinois soil temperature, calcium in columbia college gaithersburg md hotels, urine. (i) Large amounts of sodium and chloride ions are excreted in urine in this condi­tion due to the defect in the tubular reab­sorption of these ions resulting in severe dehydration, hyponatremia and hypo-chloremia. (ii) Blood urea is increased due to the reduced glomerular filtration rate. (iii) This condition does not respond to aldos­terone administration but responds to parenteral administration of sodium chlo­ride solution. f. Renal Tubular Acidosis : (i) In this condition, the university soil, urine becomes alka­line or neutral due to the defect in the so­dium and hydrogen ion exchange mecha­nism in maps state university, the distal tubules. There is university of illinois temperature a loss of data set university, sodium in soil temperature, the urine.

(ii) The acidosis is accompanied by excessive mobilization and urinary excretion of cal­cium and potassium. (iii) These abnormalities led to clinical mani­festation of dehydration, hypokalemia, defective mineralisation of bones and syracuse contact, nephrocalcinosis. g. Fanconi Syndrome: (i) A number of defects in tubular reabsorp­tion exist in this condition. University. The defects are renal amino acid in renal glycosuria, hyperphosphaturia, metabolic aciduria, with increased urinary excretion of Na, Ca and K. (ii) In some individuals, cystinosis prevails due to northeastern international affairs rankings, the abnormality of cystine metabo­lism in which cystine crystals are depos­ited in macrophages in the liver, kidney, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and cornea. h. Hartnup Syndrome (Hard Syndrome) : (i) In this condition, a number of amino ac­ids are not reabsorbed owing to the defect in tubular reabsorption mechanism. (ii) Disturbances in tryptophan metabolism is suggested by the presence of increased amounts of tryptophan, indican and in­dole acetic acid in urine.

(iii) The clinical symptoms are of niacin defi­ciency—a pellagra like skin lesions and university of illinois temperature, mental deficiency. i. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (Water-Losing Nephritis) : This condition is due to google maps san francisco university, congenital defect in water reabsorption in the distal tubules and may, there­fore, resemble true diabetes insipidus. Essay # 7. Uremia –Clinical Kidney Condition : The renal failure develops the clinical condition uremia. This condition occurs both in the chronic renal failure and acute failure. The concentration of urea and other NPN constituents in university of illinois soil, plasma are increased depending on the severity of this condi­tion. In chronic renal disease, excretion of acid (hy­drogen ion) and also of phosphate ion is impaired. This results in the steady development of columbia union gaithersburg md hotels, acidosis in uremia.

In acute renal failure, the urine output is very low (300 ml or less in 24 hours). This leads to a steady increase in urea and NPN constituents and electrolytes (K + and Na + ) in plasma. There is rapid development of acidosis too. The important findings of severe chronic uremia or acute uremia are: a. High concentration of urea and other NPN constituents. b. High serum potassium concentration. c. – Water retention leading to generalised edema. Uremic coma occurs in serious cases : The concentration of urea and other NPN constituents of blood are very much increased (i.e., 10 times the nor­mal level) in severe renal failure.

The potassium ion level may be slightly increased in chronic uremia. But in acute uremia, the concentration in serum is very much increased. Potassium is released from the cells due to soil, the break­down of columbia gaithersburg, cellular proteins. Of Illinois Temperature. This released potassium passes into the blood and in­terstitial fluid. When the concentration of potassium ion increases to union gaithersburg, 8 m. Eq/litre, it exerts a cardiotoxic effect resulting in the dilatation of the heart and when potassium ion concentration reaches at 12 to 15 mEq/ litre, the heart is likely to be stopped. This happens in severe uremia. iii. Water Retention and Edema: If the uremic patient drinks water and consumes other fluids, the water is retained in the body.

If salt is temperature not consumed, water retention in­creases in both the intracellular and extra­cellular fluid resulting in extracellular edema. The metabolic processes in syracuse law clinic, the body produce daily 50 to 100 m mol of more metabolic acid than alkali. This ex­tra metabolic acid is excreted mainly through the temperature, kidneys. Acidosis develops rapidly in acute uremia. The patient faces ‘Coma’ due to severe acidosis. Essay # 8. The Artificial Kidney : During recent years, the artificial kidney has been developed to college gaithersburg, such an extent that several thousand patients with permanent renal insufficiency or even total kidney removal are being maintained in health for years.

The artificial kidney passes blood through very minute channels bounded by thin membranes. There is university temperature a dialyzing fluid on the other side of the membrane into which unwanted substances present in the blood pass by diffusion. Gaithersburg Md Hotels. The blood is pumped continually between two thin sheets of cellophane; the university temperature, dialyzing fluid is on the outside of the sheets. The cellophane is common of connecticut porous enough to allow all con­stituents of the plasma except the plasma proteins to diffuse freely in both directions—from plasma into the dialyzing fluid and from the dialyzing fluid into the plasma. The rate of flow of blood through the university of illinois soil temperature, artificial kidney is several hundred ml per minute. Heparin is infused into the blood as it enters the columbia gaithersburg, kidney to prevent clotting of university of illinois soil, blood. To prevent bleeding as a result of heparin, an anti-heparin substance, such as protamine, is infused into the blood as it is re­turned to the patient. The Dialyzing Fluid: Sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations in the dialyzing fluid and in normal plasma are identical; but in uremic plasma, the potassium and chloride concentrations are considerably greater. These two ions diffuse through the dialyzing membrane so rapidly that their concentrations fall to equal those in the dialyzing fluid within three to four hours, expo­sure to university contact, the dialyzing fluid. On the other hand, there is no phosphate, urea, urate or creatinine in the dialyzing fluid.

When the uremic patient is dialyzed, these substances are lost in large quanti­ties into the dialyzing fluid, thereby removing major proportions of them from the plasma. Thus, the university of illinois, constituents of the dialyzing fluid are such that those substances in excess in the extracellular fluid in uremia be removed at rapid rates, while the es­sential electrolytes remain quite normal. Utility of Artificial Kidney: The artificial kid­neys can clear 100 to 200 ml of blood urea per minute which signifies that it can function about twice as rapidly as two normal kidneys together whose urea clearance is only 70 ml per minute. Data Of Connecticut. However, the artificial kidney can be used for not more than 12 hours once in three to four days be­cause of danger from excess heparin and infection to the subject. Essay # 9. University Temperature. Hormones of the Kidney : a. Not only the kidney performs excretory functions but it acts as an endocrine or­gan. It liberates many hormones which affect other organs and tissues and some hormones which locally act within the kid­ney itself. It also destroys several hor­mones which are liberated from common set university other en­docrine organs. b. University. The juxtaglomerular cells of the renal cor­tex produce the proteolytic enzyme rennin and secrete it into the blood. Rennin acts on a 2 -globulin which is syracuse law clinic normally present in blood plasma, although it is pro­duced in the liver. Rennin splits off a polypeptide fragment called angiotensin I which is decapeptide containing 10 amino acids.

Another enzyme of the university, lung acts on angiotensin I to google san francisco university, split off 2 amino acids and thus form the octapeptide angiotensin II. Angiotensin increases the soil, force of the heartbeat and constricts the fallon of notre dame, arterioles. It raises blood pressure and causes contrac­tion of smooth muscle. It is destroyed by university of illinois temperature, the enzyme angiotensinases present in normal kidneys, plasma and other tissues. Syracuse University. Recent studies suggest that rennin angi­otensin system is important in soil temperature, the mainte­nance of normal blood pressure. c. Of Leeds. Prostaglandins are the other hormones of the kidney. University Of Illinois Soil Temperature. They cause relaxation of smooth muscles.

They cause vasodilata­tion and a decrease in blood pressure. They also increase renal blood flow. Kininogen which is produced by the kidney has an antihypertensive effect. d. The two hormones erythropoietin and erythrogenin have an effect on bone mar­row to stimulate production of red cells. Kidney plays an important role in maps san francisco state university, the re­lease of erythropoietin and thus in con­trol of red cell production. Of Illinois Soil. Hypoxia stimu­lates production of erythropoietin.

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essay hotel sorrento HANNIE RAYSON'S WELL-loved Hotel Sorrento , which premiered onstage in 1991 and was made into a feature film in 1995, explored some immediately identifiable terrain for university soil, many audiences when it first appeared. It tapped the theme of Australian ‘cultural cringe’, the contested ownership of cultural and northeastern personal stories and conflict over entitlement and betrayal. These concerns were framed in the rocky relationships between three Australian sisters, all of who, at the play’s opening, have made widely different paths for themselves in the world. Rayson is recognised for her capacity to deftly encapsulate larger social, political or cultural issues through the prism of a personal and domestic set of soil conflicts, and this technique has often been cited as one of her greatest skills as a playwright. In this play, and in later works, such as Life After George , Inheritance and Two Brothers, she creates plausible characters and, through their interactions, layers the text with deeper social concerns that are politicised and timely.

In this way, the family becomes the state university arena for the exploration of larger-scale social shifts and university of illinois temperature complex upheavals – particularly, a family confronted with crisis in which submerged or repressed tensions are finally, unavoidably revealed. I spoke about this with Rayson in an interview in late 2014, in which we revisited the play’s themes of cultural and familial identity. ‘Who has power, how do they wield it and who suffers at the hand of joan fallon university of notre dame it, are questions [that] always interest me,’ Rayson began. ‘So I go to the family to explore them. I understand it in a family context. I can take the audience with me on that and make the links between what we understand in university temperature our known worlds with how the tensions might express themselves politically, in a bigger national canvas.’ In 1986, Rayson received a grant from the then Theatre Board of the Australia Council to do a series of interviews with expatriates.

Peter Carey’s novel Illywhacker (UQP, 1985) had been nominated for common set university of connecticut, the Booker Prize, and university of illinois soil Rayson imagined a play in which a central character had achieved similar accolades in order to joan fallon dame explore its repercussions. University Of Illinois Soil? ‘I needed to create someone whose opinions were going to receive attention by the world press; someone passionate and outspoken about Australia so that the pendulum between my own sense of deep affection and frustration that this country can engender, could swing back and syracuse contact forth freely. In this way I could create a tension and interplay of often contradictory ideas,’ she explained in 1992, in an introduction to the play text. Temperature? ‘But at the heart of this play is the family and the sisters.’ In Hotel Sorrento , Rayson created Meg, the sister who has left home and made a new life for herself in England. University Law Clinic Contact? She has written a successful, Booker-nominated novel based on her life in university Australia, and returned home to discover that her aggrieved sisters maintain the novel is actually their life story, with only the names changed. The international attention it is attracting becomes a bone of contention between the sisters, and Pippa and Hilary’s sense of betrayal and fallon of notre dame unwilling exposure over the story it has to tell also provides dramatic structure to the narrative, because it requires Meg to university of illinois temperature physically return from ‘the outside world’ back into the domestic sphere of her old home town of college md hotels Sorrento. Of Illinois Soil Temperature? Now privacy, memory, notions of columbia union md hotels loyalty and contested versions of who has the right to ‘own’ shared histories is paramount. In this way the of illinois soil temperature catalyst of the book’s publication breaks open the dual layers of both worlds, and Rayson’s facility for google san francisco, mirroring the of illinois soil universal in the domestic (and vice versa) can be given full rein. ‘Families seem to of leeds have an astonishing capacity to endlessly postpone the settling of conflicts and old scores,’ Rayson commented in her 1992 introduction, and it is telling that she then provides a second catalyst for of illinois soil, change and conflict when Wal – the family patriarch and the solid basis for its cohesion – drowns while swimming with his grandson, Troy.

The conflicts that arise now are both personal and cultural, and the raw emotional wounds caused by them expertly tip the ‘pendulum’ that Rayson talks about. Ideas about identity, for example, or the oscillation between loyalty and google betrayal, can weave between the two. In fact, they can contradict each other, provoking further dimension and complexity to characters, and adding vivid power to the exchanges of soil temperature dialogue that drive this play. Wal’s death creates a bleak vacuum in fallon of notre which reassessment – not always rational, not always charitable – can take place. This fraught and unbalanced world, teetering uneasily as the adult sisters are reluctantly forced to reexamine their lives, creates dissonance and oscillation in the arguments and allegiances each character experiences. In Scene 7, for example, personal conflict is simmering.

Meg is astonished that her sisters would want to sell the house, and is quickly made to realise they see her move to university of illinois soil temperature England as a kind of defection. ‘It’s our home,’ she insists. ‘Our family home.’ ‘Not any more,’ says Pippa. ‘…you live in England for godsake. It’s not your home.’ Meg answers: ‘And you’re doing your best to make me feel like that.’ In this, she articulates not only the northeastern university frustration and alienation of the expat who chooses another place over university of illinois soil temperature, ‘home’ and feels themselves the target of veiled criticism as a result, but also the surprised realisation – also common of expatriates – that while they are making a life elsewhere ‘home’ does not exist in a stasis, but moves on without them, changing irrevocably from the parochial, insular or romanticised state they recall. It is Hilary’s son, Troy, who most clearly embodies this state of flux in the wake of Wal’s death. When Edwin, Meg’s rather pompous English husband, mentions to him that ‘most Aussies have the syracuse travel bug’, Troy recalls his grandfather’s complete contentment with staying in one satisfying place: ‘Pop used to say… “Why would anyone want to leave a place like this?” … He said people only travelled when they needed to run away.’ Once the conversations broaden to include the perspectives of secondary characters Marge and Dick, the conflicts about identity and grievance move from the personal and university of illinois soil private to the public and joan cultural. In Scene 11, the outspoken, agitated Meg fumes about lack of acknowledgement of the artist as a national Australian trait: People used to ask me why I stayed in London.

Why I didn’t come home. And I used to say it was because the soil artist has no status in northeastern international this country. Why make art when you can make money? That’s Australia for of illinois soil, you. But I’m talking ten years ago. I was sure things would have changed…there’s all this talk about the new renaissance in Australian culture…but the fact is, in this country there is a suffocatingly oppressive sense that what you do as an artist is essentially self-indulgent. Dick, a newspaper editor, is affronted by this: ‘…I can’t for syracuse law clinic, the life of me see how you can feel so authoritative about this. Like that interview in the Guardian …I’m sorry but I found that highly offensive.

What you said was cliche ridden and misinformed…the issue for me is why you, as an expatriate, feel compelled to dump on this place. Because in effect you’re dumping on the people who are actually trying to do things.’ Meg responds with another attack on who’s legitimately entitled to have an university opinion on Australian culture: ‘So one can only be critical from the inside. Is that it? …I think that this so called cultural renaissance is actually about patriotism. Data Of Connecticut? Which makes people like you very defensive.’ It is not long, though, before her restless criticism swerves back to the personal and her private grievance against her sisters as she lambasts them for not acknowledging the book. University Soil? ‘You see, you all think I’m terribly pretentious because I take myself seriously. Because I referred to myself as an “artist”. You think that’s pompous bullshit don’t you?’ she goads. Fresh layers are revealed more confrontingly as the attack builds: ‘Well, let’s talk about attitude, shall we?

What about northeastern university affairs, when someone writes a novel and university of illinois gets no response from the people she knows. What can we understand from that? That the novel itself is no good? That novels per northeastern university international affairs, se, are not really all that relevant? Or is it something to do with the attitude of the other people? Something to do with selfishness? Or what about university, cowardice?’ Her sisters react with equal heat. ‘You’ve spent the whole time telling us that you don’t write autobiography. You write fiction,’ Hilary answers furiously. ‘Now I’ve had to sit here and listen to all that when you know as well as I do that the only difference is, you haven’t used our real names.’

Audiences are able to see clearly the conflicting tensions within the women themselves, and this dramatic articulation of their dilemmas makes us reassess and of connecticut shift our own loyalties. A major dramatic theme in Hotel Sorrento is university soil, ‘cultural cringe’ – a term coined by Australian critic AA Phillips in a seminal and highly controversial 1950 essay in which it was used to describe the sort of ingrained, internalised inferiority complex, common in post-colonial cultures, which makes people dismiss the value or worth of their own culture as somehow inferior to set university of connecticut that of others. Temperature? Phillips asserted that the northeastern university international affairs rankings general public in university of illinois soil temperature Australia at syracuse law clinic the time assumed that work produced by Australian writers, artists, musicians, actors and dramatists suffered by comparison against the work of their British and European counterparts. In the wake of Phillip’s influential theory, many social commentators have mapped this cultural evolution within Australia, identifying traits such as anti-intellectualism, an emphasis on soil sport (as Meg says disparagingly in the play), and graduation a sense that Australia exists on a cultural periphery, with the real artistic innovation and accomplishment occurring elsewhere. As a result, people who held this view, according to the ‘cultural cringe’ theory, tended to disparage and devalue their country’s cultural, intellectual and artistic life. Those who chose to live elsewhere for extended periods of university of illinois temperature time as ‘expatriates’ wore that name as occasionally meaning something more like ‘ex-patriots’: that is, unpatriotic, dissatisfied and critical of Australian culture and society generally.

Rayson herself believes that this theme is no longer as central to our cultural sense of ‘self’ as it once was. ‘If I were producing the play now for performance,’ she said in our recent interview, ‘I would cut most of the references to the cultural cringe in relation to Britain. That time has passed… I think Australia has a pretty robust sense of self. The swagger born of insecurity about university 2014, our cultural worth has all but disappeared.’ It’s an interesting paradox that the temperature idea of a ‘cultural cringe’ suggests the anxiety and dissonance provoked by looking inwards, towards one’s own failings and deficiencies, but the common conflicted characters in Hotel Sorrento spend their time looking out – with yearning, with longing, with frustration and resentment – to of illinois soil temperature the world beyond the shore. In terms of imagery and metaphor, it is the ever-present ocean that suggests the ‘push and pull’ of the play’s themes.

More than 80 per cent of Australians live within a hundred kilometres of the country’s coastlines, and if anything is offered in terms of national identity in the play it is the sense that we tend to look yearningly outwards for common, answers to our vexations. This makes sense, intuitively – our interior is, after all, often harsh, dry and inhospitable, while the ever-mutable ocean is the dangerous and mysterious barrier, separating us from the university of illinois soil temperature differently lived life beyond our shores. College Gaithersburg Md Hotels? If the characters in this play possess a hidden sense of university of illinois soil inferiority – or defiant defensiveness – it comes from contact perceiving themselves as the viewed, the subjects of the gaze of other more confident cultural observers. The sea, a liminal boundary between what’s ‘in here’ and what’s ‘out there’, plays a central metaphorical role in orienting audiences to the inner conflicts of university of illinois each character. Scenes unfold as characters wordlessly avert their eyes from columbia union college gaithersburg what’s inwards and gaze out to sea. Soil? They wander along beside its shore, thinking. They paint it, fish in it, and swim in it. They reflect on a monolithic rock that towers from joan fallon university of notre it – ‘the place for glorious departure’ – reminding them of the need to jump off and take the plunge into of illinois ‘real life’. They are restless and confined when they are inside the house, and find a temporary peace outside at the ocean’s tidal boundaries, dipping their toes in san francisco state university the water and pensively sharing ideas.

And if they are not looking out, they are sitting ignoring the view and perusing newspapers – the news from elsewhere that gives shape and definition to of illinois temperature what then spurs their exchanges. Only Wal and syracuse university contact Troy actually immerse themselves in that ocean – in fact, of course, Wal is lost permanently in it, throwing himself wholeheartedly and of illinois soil temperature passionately into surfing its waves. The others stay on university law clinic shore. When Edwin attempts to at least paddle in of illinois soil its shallows, he is the northeastern affairs rankings object of ridicule as Pippa mocks him for not going in deep enough, although Pippa herself never even gets her feet wet. University Of Illinois Temperature? Ocean imagery is used often in the play to highlight these connections. Union College Gaithersburg Md Hotels? Hilary vows to Troy that despite their pain she’s not going to let them ‘go under’.

Pippa begs Meg to university of illinois soil let them all sell the house so that Hilary’s life can be ‘salvaged’. And poignantly, in the play’s final scene, as an auctioneer spruiks the property, it is the house’s ‘glorious location’ close to the ocean that is columbia union college, its major selling point – not as a home, but as real estate. We also sense that Meg has conceded Hilary and Pippa’s point that the university of illinois soil house itself is no longer ‘home’ now that Wal is gone, and all three sisters will make their lives elsewhere. Hannie Rayson herself acknowledges the mutability and emotional pull of the play’s enduring appeal: Hotel Sorrento was a play I wrote very early in my writing life. I think it is structurally flawed and syracuse university contact expresses much of my inexperience as a dramatist. I have written a lot of plays since then, and university soil temperature got better at the craft. But there is something about data set university of connecticut, this play.

I wrote it with utter love and tenderness. I had a baby during the writing process and that added to a sense of dreaminess and perfect serenity. It was a journey of the soul, and soil temperature even though I now think it's clunky in part, it's strange because actors, directors and audiences love it. It is my most produced play. It has had hundreds of productions. And the google maps state royalty cheques from it have saved my bacon on more than one occasion. It has a certain magic that I like to university temperature think comes from the happiness in which it was written. The ‘certain magic’ is also infused with melancholy, as nostalgia and loss collide for these plausible characters struggling to syracuse university reconcile the changes and long-simmering secrets of their shared lives. Rayson’s great and of illinois temperature characteristic skill is to humanise her characters so that they, too, can embody this ‘journey of the soul’ for an audience, brimming with flaws and university graduation 2014 contradictions, but always compassionately rendered.

From Griffith Review Edition : Copyright Griffith University the author.